Perinatal outcomes in young women with breast cancer and pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer associated with pregnancy is defined as a malignant neoplasm of the breast that is diagnosed during pregnancy, breastfeeding or one year after delivery. OBJECTIVE: To analyze perinatal outcomes in a series of young patients with breast cancer and pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: Retrospective, analytical study of 26 women younger than 40 years of age with breast cancer who resolved their pregnancy at the National Institute of Perinatology between 2013 and 2018. Clinical-pathological characteristics, perinatal outcomes and family planning methods were studied. Percentages and central tendency measures were obtained, and comparisons were made with the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Association of breast cancer with pregnancy was observed in 0.26% of all births; mean age of presentation was 34 years, 38.4% of cases had cancer at advanced clinical stages and 57.1% of the women were treated with modified radical mastectomy; no trend towards higher perinatal complications was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer associated with pregnancy implies an oncological challenge and does not appear to be a risk factor for adverse perinatal outcomes.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer de mama asociado a embarazo se define como la neoplasia maligna de mama que se diagnostica durante el embarazo, la lactancia o un año después del parto. OBJETIVO: Analizar los resultados perinatales en una serie de pacientes jóvenes con cáncer de mama y embarazo en un hospital de tercer nivel. MÉTODOS: Estudio analítico retrospectivo de 26 mujeres menores de 40 años con cáncer de mama que resolvieron su embarazo en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología entre 2013 y 2018. Se estudiaron las características clínico-patológicas, resultados perinatales y métodos de planificación familiar. Se obtuvieron porcentajes y medidas de tendencia central y se realizaron comparaciones con pruebas de chi cuadrada o exacta de Fisher. RESULTADOS: La asociación de cáncer de mama y embarazo se observó en 0.26 % de todos los nacimientos, la edad media de presentación fue de 34 años, 38.4 % de los casos cursaba con cáncer en estadio clínico avanzado y 57.1 % de las mujeres fueron tratadas con mastectomía radical modificada; no se apreció tendencia a mayores complicaciones perinatales. CONCLUSIONES: El cáncer de mama asociado a embarazo implica un reto oncológico y no parece ser un factor de riesgo para desenlaces perinatales adversos.

THERAPEUTIC USE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINES IN CERVICAL LESIONS.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with the development of precancerous lesions of the cervix and cervical cancer (CC). Prophylactic HPV vaccination induces the development of a specific memory immune response that facilitates HPV elimination once the natural infection occurs. At present, in addition to the prophylactic vaccine, therapeutic vaccines are being developed and researched with the aim of inducing an immune response that allows the elimination of HPV-infected cells. The purpose of this study is to describe the current evidence on the use of therapeutic vaccines and their effect on cervical precancerous lesions, to establish recommendations on their clinical use. So far, the studies that have generated results have described a marginal beneficial effect of the prophylactic vaccine in the management of infection and pre-invasive lesions. Based on the evidence, continuing research on the efficacy and safety of therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial lesions is recommended. The use of the HPV prophylactic vaccine as treatment for pre-existing lesions is not advised, but it is recommended to prevent new lesions.

Therapeutic use of human papillomavirus vaccines in cervical lesions

ABSTRACT Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with the development of precancerous lesions of the cervix and cervical cancer (CC). Prophylactic HPV vaccination induces the development of a specific memory immune response that facilitates HPV elimination once the natural infection occurs. At present, in addition to the prophylactic vaccine, therapeutic vaccines are being developed and researched with the aim of inducing an immune response that allows the elimination of HPV-infected cells. The purpose of this study is to describe the current evidence on the use of therapeutic vaccines and their effect on cervical precancerous lesions, to establish recommendations on their clinical use. So far, the studies that have generated results have described a marginal beneficial effect of the prophylactic vaccine in the management of infection and pre-invasive lesions. Based on the evidence, continuing research on the efficacy and safety of therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial lesions is recommended. The use of the HPV prophylactic vaccine as treatment for pre-existing lesions is not advised, but it is recommended to prevent new lesions.